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Oral Cancer: Early Detection

1. Why early detection matters — epidemiology and risk factors

2. Structured extra-oral and soft-tissue examination

3. Red flags, common lesions and what needs urgent attention

4. Urgent referral pathways and what to include

5. Communication, documentation and course summary

Oral Cancer: Early Detection – Assessment

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Oral Cancer: Early Detection – Assessment

Oral Cancer: Early Detection
Oral Cancer: Early Detection – Assessment

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Question 1 of 10

1. Question

Which combination of habits most strongly multiplies oral cancer risk?

High sugar diet alone
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Tobacco and alcohol together
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Infrequent toothbrushing alone
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Drinking coffee
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Question 2 of 10

2. Question

Which oral site is considered particularly high-risk for malignancy and needs careful inspection?

Attached gingiva only on the buccal aspect of upper molars
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Lateral and ventral tongue / floor of mouth
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Hard palate rugae only
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Linea alba exclusively
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Question 3 of 10

3. Question

A solitary oral ulcer with no clear cause has been present for 4 weeks. What is the most appropriate next step?

Reassure and review in 6 months
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Urgent suspected cancer referral
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Prescribe antibiotic mouthwash only and discharge
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Ignore if painless
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Question 4 of 10

4. Question

Which lesion type generally carries a higher malignant transformation concern than homogeneous leukoplakia?

Fordyce spots
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Erythroplakia (red patch)
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Geographic tongue
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Mucocele
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Question 5 of 10

5. Question

During soft-tissue examination, which finding is an important red flag on palpation?

Soft, mobile cheek fat pad
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Induration (firmness) of a mucosal lesion
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Bilateral torus palatinus
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Physiological melanin pigmentation
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Question 6 of 10

6. Question

What should an urgent oral cancer referral ideally include?

Patient name only
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Lesion site/size/duration, risk factors, clinical description and urgency
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Only a photograph with no history
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Billing code without clinical detail
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Question 7 of 10

7. Question

HPV is most strongly associated with which group of cancers relevant to dental practice?

Oropharyngeal cancers
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Ameloblastoma
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Periapical cysts
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Dental caries
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Question 8 of 10

8. Question

When communicating a suspicious finding, which approach is most appropriate?

Tell the patient they definitely have cancer
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Explain that a specialist needs to assess promptly without premature diagnosis
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Avoid any explanation to prevent anxiety
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Delay referral until the patient asks twice
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Question 9 of 10

9. Question

Which GDC development outcome is most directly linked to maintaining clinical skill in recognising oral cancer?

Outcome B only
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Outcome C
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Outcome E
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None — oral cancer is outside GDC scope
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Question 10 of 10

10. Question

A white patch that can be wiped away is most consistent with which finding?

Leukoplakia that must always be referred as cancer
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Pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush) rather than leukoplakia
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Erythroplakia
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Fixed lymphadenopathy
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